HOW OIL INDUSTRY AFFECTS SEA ECOSYSTEMS

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Oil pollution is a big threat above all for sea and seaside ecosystems.  The main causes are:

1.     Wreck of oil tankers due to collision, fire and crash.

2.     Oil leakage from shore storage.

3.     Washing oil tankers into the sea.

Each year this kind of accident leads to coming in to the Ocean about 10 million ton of raw oil.

It is known that without oil products, modern traffic system cannot exist. But we humans are not ready to use and drink the water, which contain oil and oil products.

It is important to observe necessary security measures in order to oil products, despite their mass use, do not harm our environment. Pollution by oil products with lighting speed spoils ecology. Therefore each of us should be on guard of purity of earth and water. Most of all it is water, which suffers from oil products: rivers, lakes, seas and reservoirs. Primarily it harms fishes, especially during spawning. Cases, when fish vanishes in some areas partially or entirely are already fixed. If during spawning oil products hit caviar, they envelope it and caviar settle on a bottom and perishes. That is why If we want to go for a fishing and eat fish following several tens years, we must clean all water sewage from oil products.

Oil, arriving in water or soil breaks all vital processes. It suppress bacterial self-cleaning, changes the metabolism direction. Oil is so cruel to the nature, that in place of oil flood, the grass doesn’t grow for years. Oil products under natural conditions decay for many years, harming the nature.

If we want than also next generations could enjoy greens of the nature, fish in ponds, rivers and seas, we must solve this problem now. Today we have only two solutions:

First one is the simplest one, do not treat our nature negligently and prevent its pollution. Second one - inevitable in case if pollution took place – is to apply special substances, which will help to overcome with focus of flood and prevent its further spreading. So today we have the following methods of strive with oil flood:

1.     Protection of the coastline from oil spot by floating barriers (harbours);

2.     Searing of heavy oil fractions;

3.     Collection of oil and injection to special cleaning vessels;

4.     Treatment of oil spot with special bacteria (for example - Pseudomonas), who decompose hydrocarbons;

5.     Laying of routes of oil tankers far from ecologically vulnerable coasts;

6.     Adoption of new ballast systems.

All of all, owing to usage of these methods, it is possible to locate pollution area and try to clean it as much as possible.